The popularity of tattoos is growing, as can be confirmed by surveys conducted in the United States, where, in 2017, as many as 29% of adults said they had at least one tattoo. Tattoos have become one of the most popular forms of body modification and people, especially young ones, are no longer perceiving them as a controversial element of their image. We recommend the utilization of Raman spectroscopy as a screening method to enforce the tattoo ink safety legislations as well as an early medical diagnostic screening tool. An analysis and comparison of the spectra of the inks and the tattooed inks in the phantoms are presented. This ensures the ability to detect miniature concentrations for a tattoo margin assessment. Raman surface line scanning has been carried out for each ink in the skin phantom to establish the spatial gradient of ink concentration distribution.
We investigated the effect of the scattering coefficient of the matrix in which the ink is located, as well as its chemical compositions on the spectra. The material employed herein allows for mimicking the tattoo-making procedure. We have developed optical tissue phantoms mimicking the optical scattering coefficient typical for human dermis as a substitute for an in vivo study. This paper presents the possibility of using Raman spectroscopy to examine tattoo inks in biological materials. Due to the increasing popularity of tattoos among the general population, to ensure their safety and quality, there is a need to develop reliable and rapid methods for the analysis of the composition of tattoo inks, both in the ink itself and in already existing tattoos.
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